Medical School: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine - Doctor of Medicine (MD), 1980
Internship: University of California San Francisco - Internal Medicine, 1981
Residency: University Hospitals of Cleveland - Internal Medicine, 1983
Fellowship: University Hospitals of Cleveland - Infectious Disease, 1986
Specialty Boards: American Board of Internal Medicine, 1985
Specialty Boards: American Board of Internal Medicine/Infectious Disease, 1986